Search engines - Criteria

Ideally search engines should be Free and Open Source, unfortunately most are not.

They should provide their own independent search results or at the very least proxy them privately from other ones.

No AI or Ads should be present. If available, there should maintain privacy with an easy way to disable them.

Users should be able to access them using a VPN or Tor with an onion address.

With at least the basic features still accessible without JavaScript.

They should preferably be based in Europe so users can benefit from strong European Union privacy laws like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

And have a clear privacy policy of not collecting, storing and selling any types of personally identifiable information.